At the time, the mullah, Maulana Fazlullah, was riding high. Tens of thousands of people in Swat were tuning in to his illegal FM radio station, from which he excoriated the evils of female education and urged jihad. Women donated earrings and bracelets to the cause. A cult figure was born. “He is totally out of control,” one local leader told Mr Schmidle, who found Fazlullah dangerous. “His ambitions exceeded the mere creation of an Islamic emirate in Swat,” Mr Schmidle wrote in The New York Times Magazine.
Those ambitions, which propelled Fazlullah into the Pakistan Taliban’s top slot late last year, manifested themselves once more on Tuesday in a particularly macabre fashion.
By Fazlullah’s twisted logic, the attacks made sense. The killings were a response to a recent military crackdown on Taliban activities following years of ambivalent policies toward home-grown Islamic militants. They reasserted the Taliban’s ability to cause mayhem. But the killings also reflected Fazlullah’s desire to obliterate women’s chances to secure an education.
This isn’t Fazlullah’s first assault on education. In 2012, he claimed responsibility for an assassination attempt on Malala Yousafzai, who wrote a blog describing the horrors of life under the Taliban and was this year’s Nobel Prize Peace winner. So Fazlullah allegedly dispatched a gunman who shot her in the head while she was in a school van.
Fazlullah lacks the mystique of the Isis leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, who rarely makes public appearances and is reported to don a mask in the presence of subordinates. And he lacks the wild eyes of Boko Haram’s Abubakar Shekau, who grins ear-to-ear when promoting his group’s latest abomination. Rather Fazlullah appears an intensely charismatic figure, more interested in publicity than combat.
“Fazlullah was not a born field commander and his skill lay in his ability to inspire those around him through his words,” wrote a BBC correspondent who met him. “Nobody then could have predicted he would become the head of Pakistan’s Taliban just a few years on.”
Indeed, Fazlullah’s path to the highest reaches of the militant group was improbable. Born in 1975, he grew up with the name Fazle Hayat in a simple rural family, according to a New America Foundation report. Most of his early years were spent in obscurity, working at a nearby ski lift.
But then he met a woman who would change his life. He “would have remained just a farmer’s son but for his marriage” to the daughter of a prominent Islamic insurgent, reported the Jamestown Foundation. Soon, he was no longer Fazle Hayat – he was Maulana Fazlullah. And soon after that, he became “Mullah Radio”.
A Pakistani soldier walks amidst the debris at the army-run school in Peshawa (Getty)In 2004, Fazlullah launched an unauthorised radio channel people took to calling “Maulana Radio”. His conservative, anti-American, anti-technology, anti-vaccination message resonated with the local population. “Most of the [locals] who supported Fazlullah did so only morally, but some took up arms after being inspired by his FM radio sermons, and many of these recruits were disenchanted, poor, illiterate and unemployed youth,” according to the New America Foundation.
From this growing mass of supporters, he drew greater power. He raised hundreds of thousands of dollars to build a madrassa, later destroyed by Pakistan security forces, and he inveighed against polio vaccinations, which he called “a conspiracy of the Jews and Christians to stunt the population growth of Muslims”. He adopted the zeal of the religious preacher he fancied himself.
“When I die, the angels will ask me about my actions,” he once said, according to Mr Schmidle writing in The New Yorker. “Will this government save me? No! I must act for myself and for my own salvation. Are you ready for an Islamic system? Are you prepared to make sacrifices?”
Fazlullah eventually came to control much of the province, waging a bloody war against the Pakistani state between 2007 and 2009. The fervour he inspired made him an attractive candidate to take over the Taliban late last year when the CIA killed his predecessor, Hakimullah Mehsud, in a drone strike. Though it seemed a victory at the time, the killing elevated Fazlullah, who squashed any chance for peace negotiations with the government.
And then came Tuesday’s assault on the a school in the north-western city of Peshawar. “My son was in a uniform in the morning,” one father wailed, the Associated Press reported. “He is in a casket now. My son was my dream. My dream has been killed.”
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